♦ AATCC (American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists):
International standards for textile testing and quality.
♦ ASTM International
Testing protocols for denim strength, stretch, and durability.
♦ Anti-Viral Denim:
Treated denim that neutralizes pathogens (e.g., India’s sustainable innovations).
♦ Buying House:
Intermediary between exporters and international buyers, managing orders and quality checks.
♦ Blended Denim:
Fabric mixing cotton with polyester/spandex (e.g., stretch jeans).
♦ Bale:
Packed raw cotton bundle (1 bale = 480 lbs).
♦ CMT (Cut-Make-Trim)
Outsourced cutting, sewing, and trimming process.
♦ Compliance Certificates:
OEKO-TEX, GOTS, BCI for sustainable production.
♦ CIF (Cost, Insurance, Freight):
Export contract where the exporter covers shipping/insurance.
♦ Denim Weight (OZ)
Ounces per square yard (e.g., 10–14 OZ = medium, 14+ OZ = heavyweight).
♦ Duty Drawback:
Tax refund scheme for exporters (common in India/Pakistan).
♦ Dobby Weave:
Patterned denim woven on specialized looms.
♦ EPZ (Export Processing Zone)
Tax-free zones for export-oriented manufacturing units.
♦ Eco-Wash:
Water-saving denim washes using laser/ozone tech.
♦ ETA (Estimated Time of Arrival)
Shipment’s expected delivery date.
♦ FOB (Free on Board):
Buyer pays shipping/insurance costs
♦ Fabric Mill:
Denim-weaving factory (e.g., Arvind Mills, India).
♦ Freight Forwarder:
Logistics partner handling shipping/customs.
♦ Garment Washing:
Techniques like stone wash, acid wash, or enzyme wash.
♦ GSM (Grams per Square Meter):
Metric measurement for fabric weight.
♦ Greige Fabric:
Unprocessed/undyed denim.
♦ HS Code:
International tariff code for denim (e.g., 520942 = cotton denim).
♦ Handloom Denim:
Handwoven premium denim.
♦ HVI (High Volume Instrument):
Machine testing cotton fiber quality.
♦ Indigo Dyeing:
International tariff code for denim (e.g., 520942 = cotton denim).
♦ ISO Certification:
Quality management standards for factories.
♦ Incoterms:
Trade terms like FOB, CIF, EXW.
♦ Jeans Wash:
Designer finishes like distressed or vintage washes.
♦ Jacquard Loom:
Loom for complex denim patterns.
♦ Knitted Denim:
Non-woven stretch denim for comfort.
♦ KPI (Key Performance Indicator):
Metrics like lead time or OTIF (On-Time In-Full).
♦ L/C (Letter of Credit):
Secure payment method for exports.
♦ Loomstate:
Unfinished denim straight from the loom.
♦ Lyocell Denim:
Sustainable denim made from Tencel fibers.
♦ MOQ (Minimum Order Quantity):
Smallest export order (e.g., 5,000 meters).
♦ Mill Directory:
Denim supplier listings (e.g., Pakistan’s denim hubs).
♦ Mercerization:
Chemical treatment to strengthen/glossify denim.
♦ Non-Selvedge Denim:
Standard denim with stitched edges.
♦ NEP Formation
Cotton fiber imperfections affecting quality grading.
♦ TQM (Total Quality Management):
End-to-end quality processes.
♦ Twill Weave:
Diagonal weave pattern (denim’s signature).
♦ UV-Resistant Denim:
Fade-resistant under sunlight.
♦ USDA Organic:
Certification for organic cotton denim.
♦ VAT (Value-Added Tax):
Refundable tax on exports.
♦ Vintage Wash:
Aging techniques for retro denim looks.
♦ Warp & Weft:
Vertical (indigo) and horizontal (white) denim threads.
♦ WIP (Work in Progress):
Goods in production.
♦ X-Border (Cross-Border) Trade
International logistics for denim exports.
♦ Yarn-Dyed:
Denim dyed at the yarn stage (e.g., indigo).
Zero Discharge:
Wastewater recycling in denim dyeing.
